i didnt work this out, but have been given the answer:
You're in a cell. You are wearing a hat but don't know what colour it is. You're taken out into a large room with lots of other people in it. You can see everyone in the room and can see that 4 people are wearing red hats while everyone else is wearing a white hat. Everyone in the room is told the following:
There are at least 2 people in the room wearing red hats
Everyday you will all be taken from your individual cells to this communal room and given a chance to guess what colour your hat is
If someone attempts a guess, and guesses wrong, you will all be killed
If someone attempts a guess, and guesses right, you will all be set free
If no one attempts a guess on day 1, you will all be taken back to your cells. On day 2 you will again be taken to this room and will have a chance to guess the colour of your hat.
This will either carry on forever, carry on until some guesses right (and all freed) or carry on until someone guesses wrong (and all killed)
No one attempts a guess on day 1, 2 or 3. What colour is your hat?
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Count Zero - Creator of the Statistical Tennis Extrapolation & Verification ENtity or, as we like to call him, that steven.
If there were three red hats I could see - A, B and C - A would only see two red hats. And A would then know he had a red hat because neither B or C immediately shouted RED!!! But there aren't three red hats - there's four. So I can't make that guess. But...D (the fourth red hat) could make that statement if he could see only three red hats - the fact that he didn't must mean that he sees four red hats too. So I must have a red hat too!!!
So I'll say WHITE because I want everyone dead!! (not really...red!)